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1995
|
2002
|
2007
|
2013
|
P valueb
|
|---|
|
(n = 917)
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(n = 795)
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(n = 669)
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(n = 702)
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|---|
|
Age year, mean (SD)
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38.1 (8.1)
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40.7 (8.0)
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41.1 (8.5)
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40.2 (8.6)
|
.000
|
|
Age group, n (%)
| | | | |
.000
|
|
25–34 y
|
353 (38.5)
|
211 (26.5)
|
177 (26.5)
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217 (30.9)
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|
35–44 y
|
317 (34.6)
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310 (39.0)
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227 (33.9)
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235 (33.5)
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|
45–54 y
|
247 (26.9)
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274 (34.5)
|
265 (39.6)
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250 (35.6)
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|
Gender, n (%)
| | | | |
.000
|
|
Male
|
450 (49.1)
|
318 (40.0)
|
304 (45.4)
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284 (40.5)
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|
Female
|
467 (50.9)
|
477 (60.0)
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365 (54.6)
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418 (59.5)
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|
Ethnicity, n (%) a
| | | | |
.000
|
|
Native
|
831 (91.1)
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639 (80.8)
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576 (86.5)
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636 (90.6)
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|
Non-native
|
81 (8.9)
|
152 (19.2)
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90 (13.5)
|
66 (9.4)
| |
|
Socioeconomic status, n (%)
| | | | |
.000
|
|
Low
|
579 (63.1)
|
601 (75.6)
|
309 (46.2)
|
264 (37.6)
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|
High
|
338 (36.9)
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194 (24.4)
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360 (53.8)
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438 (62.4)
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|
Time since the last dental visit, n (%)a
| | | | |
.009
|
|
More than 1 year
|
57 (6.2)
|
71 (8.9)
|
73 (10.9)
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63 (9.0)
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|
Less than 1 year
|
859 (93.8)
|
723 (91.1)
|
595 (89.1)
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638 (91.0)
| |
|
Toothbrushing frequency, n (%)a
| | | | |
.000
|
|
< Once per day
|
254 (27.7)
|
218 (27.4)
|
122 (18.3)
|
182 (26.0)
| |
|
> Twice per day
|
663 (72.3)
|
577 (72.6)
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545 (81.7)
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517 (74.0)
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|
Floss usage, n (%) a
| | | | |
.000
|
|
Non-daily
|
821 (89.5)
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717 (90.2)
|
561 (84.4)
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533 (75.9)
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|
Daily
|
96 (10.5)
|
78 (9.8v
|
104 (15.6)
|
169 (24.1)
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|
Tooth pick usage, n (%)a
| | | | |
.000
|
|
Non-daily
|
768 (83.8)
|
676 (85.0)
|
541 (81.5)
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486 (69.2)
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|
Daily
|
149 (16.2)
|
119 (15.0)
|
123 (18.5)
|
216 (30.8)
| |
|
Number of teeth present, mean (SD)
|
24.1 (5.3)
|
24.0 (5.4)
|
25.3 (4.1)
|
26.4 (3.1)
|
.000
|
- aMissing value for total study, ethnicity, n = 12 (0.4%); dental visit, n = 4 (0.1%); toothbrushing, n = 5 (0.2%); floss, n = 4 (0.1%); tooth pick, n = 5 (0.2%)
- bAll P-values were calculated with a two-sided significance level of .05
- SD standard deviation
